Israel used its new air defense system on the Syrian border, where Russian-backed forces from Damascus brought rebels together. Moscow has asked for an "urgent" meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Netanyahu plans to meet Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and his chief of the armed forces, General Valery Gerasimov, during the day, a visit that the Israeli leader said he organized last week at the request of the president Russian Vladimir Putin.
Israel is on high alert as Syrian President Bashar al-Assad is reclaiming rebel ground in the country's southwest, bringing his military forces near the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.
Israel has launched two David's Sling interceptor missiles on some rockets which however fell within Syrian territory and which had been launched following internal fighting.
It was the first operational use of the Israeli mid-range David's Sling, produced with the US company Raytheon. The incident triggered sirens in northern Israel and on the Golan, many residents had to resort to shelters.
An Israeli source informed about the David's Sling activation said the interceptor missiles were launched after some assessments believed the two Syrian SS-21 missiles would hit the Israeli side of the Golan. When Israeli sensors realized that they would land on the Syrian side, the David's Sling was detonated in the air before they reached their target.
The source requested anonymity because the Israeli army had yet to conduct a formal internal investigation. Asked if the US had been informed of the incident, the source said: "I am sure it will happen in the future, as there are common interests."
The US embassy in Jerusalem has asked the Pentagon for clarifications that would be slow in coming.
Netanyahu therefore had an interview with Putin in Moscow on 11 July. Israeli concern is due to the fact that Assad may not respect the 1974 Golan demilitarization agreement and allow his Iranian and Lebanese Hezbollah allies to deploy on the Golan Heights close to Israel.
Russia has said it wants to preserve the separation of forces on the border. Lavrov's delegate, Grigory Karasin, told Russian media that the foreign minister's trip was "urgent and important".
Netanyahu, in a broadcast, said he would tell envoys that "Israel insists that the agreement on the separation of military forces between us and Syria is honored, since it was honored for decades until the outbreak of civil war in Syria."
He also reiterated that "Israel will continue to act against any attempt by Iran and its allies to take root militarily in Syria".
Syrian state television said today that an Israeli air strike hit a military post in the town of Misyaf in Syria's Hama province, causing only material damage. The Israeli army declined to comment.
Also on Sunday, hundreds of Syrian "White Helmets" rescuers and their families fled ahead of government forces and crossed the border into Jordan with the help of Israeli and Western soldiers.
On Monday, Damascus condemned the evacuation as a "criminal operation" undertaken by "Israel". The Russian Embassy in Israel tweeted that the White Helmets were "militants", linked to Syria's Islamic rebels.