Politics, organized crime, pandemic crisis and National Security according to Eurispes observers

Very interesting for the contents and for the analysis made, the article published on "leurispes.it" by General Pasquale Preziosa, President of the Permanent Observatory on Security which, in collaboration with Prof. Avv. Roberto De Vita and Dr Giovanni Russo, tells how economic crises such as pandemic ones can give rise to endogenous social, economic, political, judicial and financial stresses by suggesting the preparation of plans and funding for new investments to stem the crisis and boost the economy.

(by Pasquale Preziosa, Roberto De Vita, Giovanni Russo) The civilization process has been long and difficult for human beings.

According to Will Durant, civilization is identified with the social order and consists of the following elements: economic and political organization, ethical and moral traditions, the search for knowledge.

Civilization begins when chaos and insecurity end.

National Security aims to ensure social order in all areas of life in the country.

Economic crises such as pandemic ones, although exogenous in nature, can give rise to endogenous stresses of a social, economic, political, judicial and financial nature.

Most crises, however, only accelerate pre-existing trends in society.

If a country's economy shows weaknesses during normal life, weaknesses are likely to worsen during crises.

To stem the crisis and revive the economy, plans and financing for new investments are needed: it is a lesson we learned during the Great Depression of the Twenty-nine.

However, in 1929 not all the remedies put in place by the States were successful.

The USA resorted to a revolutionary experience that could balance public objectives and market logic. This resulted, with a precise mandate, in the creation of the constitutional importance Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which had to indicate to the Government and Parliament, with an organic approach, the measures to be adopted in the industrial, agricultural, police, social policy, so as to concretize a government capacity that the "States" involved were unable to guarantee.

The American New Deal was successful and managed to regain high levels of National Security for the US.

The introduction of the New Deal USA principles in Italy (Rosenstein-Rodan) was not successful.

The model of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno can be assumed as an Italian New Statist Deal, with the creation of an ad hoc Ministry to govern public interventions in the economy.

The prevalence of the sovereign state over the entrepreneurial state has inevitably led to the bankruptcy of the Cassa del Mezzogiorno, an example of managerial diseducation.

The plans and funding to remedy the disasters resulting from the crises, while necessary, are not in themselves sufficient: the plans must be anchored to solid methodological and transparency principles to organize the growth of both the public and the private sector.

With the pandemic crisis underway, Italy has reached the BBB- rating (Fitch), therefore without a virtuous rebirth plan, National Security will be able to reach risk levels never experienced since the post-war period.

The same applies to the country's judicial system.

Justice ensures society one of the most important values ​​for human beings: freedom resulting from the security guaranteed by social order.

The judicial power rests its effectiveness on adherence to principles shared by the community - mainly expressed in the Constitutional Charter - whose respect is guaranteed by coercion which is the primary objective of the sanction.

The capacity for coercion is made concrete, in serious cases, with the obligation of isolation in prison.

If for any reason, including crisis, it is not possible to guarantee the enforceability of the sanction, both the perception of the deterrence of the penalty and the level of social security fall.

Organized crime, now a global scourge, has shown great flexibility in adapting to the environment where it lives and where it operates, in the similitude of transnational terrorist organizations.

Criminal organizations operate using the same organizational and administrative methods of the state, only the ends that are not directed towards the common good change. Territory and people, for these organizations, are the strengths, as well as for some terrorist formations.

In Western countries, the mitigation of risks for National Security must refer to the democratic control of the territory, associated with the trust of citizens in the institutions.

The "political" power of organized crime, like state crime, is exercised as a domain through coercion sometimes mixed also with popular consensus.

The prison for state organizations represents the exercise of the power of coercion according to democratic norms.

The weakness of the prison system undermines the deterrence of coercion.

Striking concessions of alternative penalties to prison (and, even, to the safe prison regime, provided for by art.41 bis of the penitentiary system) recognized to prominent personalities of organized crime, in singular succession to prison riots that are suspected to have been heterodirect, they risk to represent - beyond the legitimacy and the intrinsic opportunity of the judicial measures - signals of very strong weakening of the state power, with serious repercussions on the National Security.

Organized crime, like terrorism, is one of the most important threats to the national security of any country, including Italy, but it is even more subtle as it has the ability to corrode the institutions that will maintain the shape from within, but private of the substance.

"Freedom is the" luxury "product of security and individual freedom is the mark of civilization."

Power is a means of achieving ends: with reduced power the battle to reach adequate levels of National Security is lost.

The threats to be tackled are manifold, from economic financial to social, but that linked to organized crime is constantly a priority because it challenges the state and the levels of civilization achieved.

Politics, organized crime, pandemic crisis and National Security according to Eurispes observers