Niger, Burkina Faso neNigeria muna 2013 dzakapemberera mauto eFrance mushure mekusvika muguta reSahara reTimbuktu zvichitevera kukundwa kwemamwe mapoka ejihadist. Nhasi, makore anoda kusvika gumi gare gare, France yadzika nepakati nhanho dzayo kuvarume zviuru zvishanu uye iri kufunga kusiya nharaunda zvachose nekuda kwemari yakakura yakaitwa uye vakakuvadzwa vakasiiwa mukati mekurwisana kudiki kwakasiyana nemagandanga eko.
MunaJune apfuura, mutungamiri weFrance Emmanuel Macron yakazivisa kubviswa kwemauto kubva kuBarkhane mishoni nekuda kwenyaya dzinoverengeka dzemukati. Hondo yeFrance, iyo yakarasikirwa nemasoja makumi mashanu nematatu, haichakwanisa kubhadhara "kusazvipira" kwehurumende yeMalia. Sarudzo iyi yakauya mwedzi mitatu mushure mekunge United Nations yawana mhirizhonga yeFrance yakauraya vanhu gumi nevapfumbamwe, kusanganisira vakadzi nevana, pamabiko emuchato pakati peMali.
France yakabva yapa chigadziko chayo cheTimbuktu kumauto eMaliya nepo mazana emakiromita kure, muBamako, guta guru, kuvepo kweFrance kuchiri kusimba. Kwenguva yakati, zvisinei, mireza yeRussia yakatangawo kuonekwa, kunyanya panguva yekuratidzira kwakakurumbira.
Mali, pasina mauto eFrance, angadai akatendeukira kuRussia kuti aitonge Mahmoud Ould Mohamed, gurukota rinoona nezvekutengeserana rakataura pachena kuti: "Hukama neFrench hwaparara izvozvi ".
PaUnited Nations General Assembly munaGunyana apfuura, mutungamiri wenyika Choguel Maiga akasimbisa mutsara nekutaura kuti France yakabva kuMali, saka mamwe madhiri aifanira kutsvagwa.
Mali, maererano neFT, iri muhurukuro dzekuhaya mauto eboka remauto Wagner, anozivikanwa akabatana uye anopihwa mari neKremlin. Boka reWagner rinosanganisirwa mumapoka akarambidzwa neUS Ministry of Justice uye riri kupomerwa mhosva dzehondo muChad, Sahel, Eritrea neSudan.
Hurukuro nekambani yeWagner, zvakadaro, yakatsamwisa Paris, iyo inotsigira hurumende yeMali isiri pamutemo kubva payakatora chigaro mushure mekuvhomora kaviri.
Kusvika iye zvino, kuchamhembe kweMali kwakachengeteka kupfuura muna 2013 uye mhirizhonga yakatamira pakati penyika iyo yakawanda ye20 mamiriyoni evagari vanogara. Mhirizhonga yakanyanyisa yakapararira kuBurkina Faso, iyo yakaona nzvimbo huru dzenyika dzichidonha kubva kukutonga kwehurumende, uye kuNiger, uko mazana evaratidziri muna Mbudzi akavharira convoy ye100 mota kubva kuFrench Barkhane mishoni mukuratidzira. 2021 ndiyo yaive yakanyanya mhirizhonga mumakore gumi apfuura kune nyika dzeSahel, maererano nekurwiswa kwemagandanga uye kurwisana kwepfuti. Kune tsaona 2.426 zvichienzaniswa ne244 muna 2013, maererano nedata reprojekiti Armed Conflict Nzvimbo uye Chiitiko Data. Panyaya yevakakuvara, yaive yechipiri yakaipisisa mushure me2020, ne5.317 vakafa munyika nhatu idzi, kubva pa949 muna 2013. Mali chete yakanyora 948 zviitiko zvechisimba muna 2021, kubva pa230 muna 2013.