naMassimiliano D'Elia
Rimwe gore mushure mekutanga kweshanduko yetekinoroji, yakabatana nemikana mitsva inopihwa nekushandiswa kwemasisitimu akadzidzwa, kuburikidza nehungwaru hwekugadzira (AI) algorithms, zvine chekuita nehunhu uye zvekuchengetedza zvinoratidzwa, kusanganisira njodzi dzakadai sekusaziva uye kurasikirwa kwekutonga pamusoro pehunyanzvi. Kurambana kunotevera runyerekupe uye kubviswa kwekumanikidzwa mukati meOpenAI, kambani inotungamira muAI, pakati pezvinhu zvehurombo uye zvekutengesa, mhedzisiro yakanangana neshanduko iyi inobata vagariwo zvavo, makambani makuru asiwo Nyika dzinoedza kudzivirira kushandiswa kwakashata kweAI nemapoka emagandanga uye. cybercriminals.
Muvambi wekambani yekutanga muchikamu, Vhura AI, Sam Altman, pakutanga ane chinangwa hapana purofiti, yakasuduruka kutarisa kune bhizimisi nekuda kwemikana mitsva yemusika inoshamisa. Kubudirira kwepuratifomu yekutanga Chat GPT yakawedzera, kutaura idi, kupokanidzana kwechimiro icho, pasinei zvapo nedonzo rokutanga rakanga riri rokunzvenga capitalism isina kudzorwa, yakazviwana imene inodzora chinhu chaichoicho chakazvipira kuwedzera purofiti.
OpenAI, sangano rekutanga kupa zano rekuvandudza AI modhi, inonzi ChatGPT, pamusika, saka yaifanira kutarisana nekudeura ropa mukati mukati mebhodhi revatungamiriri, rinoumbwa nenhengo dzese dzechikamu chephilanthropic uye idzo dzebhizinesi-rekutengesa chikamu. . Kupokana uye maonero akasiyana maererano netsika uye purofiti zvabuda zvine simba. Kunyanya, Altman, kunyangwe aine zvine chekuita nehunhu, zvishoma nezvishoma akachinja chiyero kuenda kune bhizimisi, tichiziva mikana inoshamisa yemusika inopihwa nehungwaru hwekugadzira.
Iyo ichangoburwa yemukati kurwira kuOpenAI inotsanangurwa sehondo yekutanga kutsanangura ramangwana reAI, uko chikamu chekutengeserana uye chebhizinesi. bhizimisi yave kunze kwevanoshamwaridzana nevasina purofiti.
Nekudaro, isu tinofanirwa kugadzirisa zvino zvinonetsa, senge njodzi ye disinformation musarudzo dza2024, uye nengozi yeapocalyptic scenarios. Mamiriro ezvinhu akanyanya apo muchina (wakashongedzerwa nehungwaru) unogona kukunda pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvevanhu, uchikudza pfungwa yeTerminator, inodzokororwazve nevaya vanoramba vasina chokwadi pamberi peiyi tekinoroji isina kuongororwa iyo, maererano nemaonero akagovanwa, mabhureki ekudzora epasirese anofanirwa kuisirwa. dzivisa mamiriro ezvinhu asingatarisirwi pasina nzira yekudzoka.
Zvisinei nekushandira pamwe kuri pakati pemakambani nehurumende, zvisinei, tiri kunanga kumazuva ekupedzisira akakosha esarudzo (USA, EU neTaiwan) pasina dziviriro yakakwana. MuEurope, semuenzaniso, kuchine gakava pamusoro peAI Act, gwaro rinofanirwa kudzora kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwemapuratifomu anoshandisa mhando dzehungwaru hwekugadzira. Pakati pezvinetso zvine chokuita nekuvanzika kwevagari vemo uye kushandiswa kusingasaruri kwekuzivikanwa kwechiso, mugwagwa uri kukwidza, panguva iyo nhevedzano yenyika itsva iri kutangwa zvichitevera kurwisana kukuru pakati pemasimba echinyakare neachiri kusimukira.
Tinoedza kudzora
European Union. European Union yakazvipira kuve mutambi akakosha mukudzorwa kweArtificial Intelligence (AI) kuburikidza ne "AI Act". Inotevera trilogue, yakarongerwa 6 Zvita 2023, ichave yakakosha kuona mukana wekubvumidza zvinyorwa pakupera kwa2023. Muchirevo che "Hiroshima AI Process”, Vatungamiri veG7 vakazivisa misimboti gumi neimwe inotungamira uye Code of Conduct yevagadziri veAI.
Misimboti inotungamira ine chinangwa chekupa gwara kune vanogadzira, masangano ezvidzidzo uye veruzhinji neakazvimirira zvikamu zvine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro epamberi eAI. Zvinosanganisira matanho ekuongorora nekudzikamisa njodzi, kuve pachena mumasisitimu kugona uye zvisingakwanisi, uye kusimudzirwa kwemitemo yekutonga kwenjodzi. Iyo Code of Conduct inodonongodza nhungamiro inoshanda kune vanogadzira AI, ichinyanya kukoshesa kujeka kwemuenzaniso, kuburitsa mishumo uye kugovana ruzivo mumagariro evanhu.
Iyo Code of Conduct, inoshanda nekuzvidira, yakakosha zvakanyanya sezvo ichikurumidza kushanda uye inogona kuwedzera pasi rose. Kusiyana neAI Act, iyo Code inogona kukanganisa kudzora kweAI mumamiriro ekuwedzera kutarisisa uye kuongororwa kwekuzvidavirira nemakambani.
USA. Iyo US Executive Order, yakapihwa Gumiguru 30, 2023 neMutungamiri Joe Biden, inogadzirisa nyaya dzakakosha dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwakachengeteka kweArtificial Intelligence (AI). Inoisa pachena kune vanogadzira, inoda kugovaniswa kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo nehurumende uye kupa iyo National Institute of Standards uye Technology iro basa rekutsanangura zviyero zveakachengeteka AI modhi. Uyezve, inotarisa pakudzivirira kusaziva nekugovera kune Dhipatimendi reCommerce iyo tekinoroji dhairekitori kuti ive nechokwadi chechokwadi cheAI-yakagadzirwa zvemukati.
The Order inobatawo nyaya ye pfungwa dzakarerekera, kuedza kunzvenga rusarura muzvikamu zvine ngozi. Ongororo yemaitiro anoshandiswa muAI masisitimu anodiwa kuti uone chero kusarura kana kusawirirana. Uyezve, chidzidzo chakadzama pamusoro pekukanganisa kwetekinoroji pabasa uye kugadzirisa kunotarisirwa. tsika yakanaka kuderedza kukuvadza kunogona kuitika uye kuwedzera mabhenefiti.
Chibvumirano cheTrination. Uyezve, pane chibvumirano chisina kurongeka pakati peItari, France neGermany ye19 Mbudzi 2023 maererano nekudzora kweiyo nheyo modhi mukugadzira AI. Chibvumirano ichi, chakasiyana nenjodzi-yakatarisana nemaitiro eAI Act, inopa inosungirwa kuzvitonga kuburikidza nemakodhi ekuzvibata. Vagadziri veAI vanodaidzwa kuti vanyore "makadhi emuenzaniso” ine ruzivo rwekwaniso nemiganhu yemamodheru. Bato rinotonga reAI rinotarisa mashandisirwo emitemo yemaitiro aya. Crucial ipfungwa isingapi zvirango zve "kutanga kukanganisa", kuchengetedza masanctions chete nekutyorwa kwakarongeka kwemitemo yemaitiro. Chibvumirano ichi chinogona kupesvedzera nhaurirano paAI Act pakati penhengo dzenhengo, zvichigona kunonoka kudzika kwayo.
Nyorera kune yedu yemashoko!