MaSME ari kuwedzera kunangana nehupfumi hwematsotsi
Muna 2022, nhamba yekufungidzirwa kwekutengeserana (SOS) yakagamuchirwa neFinancial Intelligence Unit (FIU) yeBhangi reItaly yakasvika parekodhi yenguva yose ye155.426 mishumo (ona Chati 1).
Uyezve, chimwe muzvina chaionekwa senjodzi huru, 99,8 muzana yekuyerera kwese kwaikonzerwa nefungidziro yekubira mari uye mune ingangoita 90 muzana yezviitiko kutaurirana kwakabva kumabhangi, mahofisi eposvo uye nevamiriri vezvemari. (IMEL, SIM, inishuwarenzi, fiduciary, nezvimwewo).
Izvi ndizvo zvinotaurwa neCGIA Research Office uye inosimudza alarm: njodzi yekuti hutsotsi hwehupfumi huri kupinda munyika yedu inogadzira huri kuwedzera. Kwete chete. Kana kusanganiswa pakati pekuwedzera kwemari yemubereko uye kuderera kwezvikwereti zvebhangi kune SMEs zvakaitika mugore rapfuura zvaifanira kuenderera mberi, hazvigone kutongerwa kuti nhamba yemakambani ari panjodzi yekupinza mafia inotarisirwa kukura zvakanyanya.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pakati pemhando huru dzehunyanzvi dzekutengeserana dzakashumwa kuFIU, kutengeserana nemabhangi emunyika (31,3 muzana yehuwandu), nemakadhi ekubhadhara uye mari yemagetsi (28,5 muzana) uye nemari yekuchinjisa ( 21,3 muzana). Kutengeserana kwakaitwa zvichitevera kutengeserana kwaitwa nemari kwaingove zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana.
Pamusoro pemabhangi nemahofisi emahofisi nevamiriri vezvemari, nemutemo zvakare mafreelancers (notaries, accountant, magweta, maodhita, nezvimwewo), vasiri vezvemari, vanopa masevhisi emitambo (dzimba dzekubhejera, vanoita zvemitambo yepamhepo uye munzvimbo yakatarwa, nezvimwe. .) nePublic Administration vane chisungo chekumhan’ara nyaya dzinofungidzirwa kuti dziri kubira mari zvisiri pamutemo kana nyaya dzemagandanga dzekutsigira mari kuFIU. Kana zviziviso zvawawana zvaongororwa, zvinoendeswa kuSpecial Currency Police Unit yeGuardia di Finanza (NSPV) uye kuAnti-Mafia Investigation Directorate (DIA) kuti iongorore kunotevera. Mishumo iyi inotumirwawo kuJudicial Authority (AG), kana nyaya dzemhosva dzikabuda kana nekukumbirwa naAG pachayo.
Kuchinja kweutsotsi kunosvika mabhiriyoni makumi mana
Zvinoenderana nefungidziro yehungwaru yakatorwa neBank of Italy, huwandu hwehutsotsi hwakarongwa muItaly hunosvika mabhiriyoni makumi mana emaeuro pagore (zvinenge 40 mapoinzi eGDP)[2]. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, zvichibva pane tsananguro dzakatarwa padanho repasi rose, kuti mari iyi haisanganisi mari inowanikwa nemhosva dzechisimba - dzakaita sekuba, ugororo, chimbadzo, uye kupamba - asi chete idzo dzinobva mukutengeserana zvisiri pamutemo. chibvumirano pakati pemutengesi nemutengi. Zvakadai, semuenzaniso, kushambadzira, kutengesa zvombo, kubheja kwechivande, kurasa marara zvisiri pamutemo, kubhejera, kugamuchira zvinhu zvakabiwa, chipfambi uye kutengeswa kwezvinodhaka.
Kunyanya kutyisidzirwa, kutora kwakawanda
Mumakore gumi apfuura, mishumo kuFIU yakawedzera neinopfuura 10 muzana. Kana muna 130 vaingopfuura zviuru makumi matanhatu nenomwe, muna 2012, sezvatakataura pamusoro, vakasvika nhamba yerekodhi ye67. Muchidimbu, kuputika kwekufambiswa kwemashoko kunoratidza kuti mapoka ematsotsi anowedzera kunzwa kudiwa kwekudzorera mari yemabasa avo muhupfumi hwepamutemo, uyewo kusimbisa kubvumirana kwavo kwevanhu. Uye zvichitevera dambudziko redenda, mafias akachinja nzira yavanosvika nayo kune bhizinesi. Havana kuda kushandisa nzira dzechisimba, dzakaita sekutyisidzira kana kubira, nerumwe rutivi vanofarira imwe nzira "yekutengesa", kuburikidza nekubhadhara uye/kana kutora kwevaridzi vemakambani, vachishandisa kusagadzikana kwavo kwehupfumi nezvemari. Mune mamwe mazwi, mafias anowedzera kuzvipa seanoshanda bhizinesi sevhisi masangano (zvinhu zvekushandisa, manejimendi / kubvunza mutero, manpower, nezvimwewo); mukuita izvi vanotanga kupinza hupfumi hwemutemo uye chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki chine mukana wekudzoreredza mari yepfuma yakaunganidzwa zvisiri pamutemo.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ari panjodzi zvakanyanya muMilan, Roma, Prato, Naples uye Crotone
Padanho redunhu, Lazio (336,9 inoshuma pazviuru zana vagari), Campania (100) neLombardy (325,5) inzvimbo dzakagamuchira huwandu hwepamusoro hwemishumo muna 278,1 (ona Tab. 2022).
Pamusoro pepurovhinzi, zvisinei, mamiriro ezvinhu ari panjodzi zvakanyanya akaitika muMilan (472,9 mishumo pa100 zviuru vagari), Roma (404,8), Prato (388,2), Naples (386,9), Crotone (371,7 .366), Siena (335,5) ), Imperia (328,6), Trieste (303,4), Caserta (298,7) uye Bolzano (XNUMX).
Kazhinji tinogona kutaura kuti nzvimbo dziri panjodzi yenyika yose inzvimbo huru dzemadhorobha (Milan, Rome, Naples neFlorence) padivi pematunhu emuganho (Imperia, Trieste, Bolzano, Aosta) uye matunhu ane kushushikana kwakanyanya kurongwa. mhosva (Crotone, Caserta naReggio Calabria). Pamusoro pemaitiro aya, iwo chaiwo ePrato (kuvapo kwakasimba kwenharaunda yeChinese), Rimini (moyo wekushanya kwegungwa) uye Venice (chiteshi chengarava, kushanyirwa kwepamusoro uye uko kasino yekanzuru iripo) inomira pachena.
Makambani anoda kusvika zviuru zvitatu akatorwa kubva kumafias
Kubva munaJune 25th, National Agency yehutungamiri uye nzvimbo yekuenda kwezvinhu zvakabatwa uye zvakatorwa kubva kumhosva dzakarongeka (ANBSC), yakashuma kuti, muItaly, sezvinodiwa neArt. 48 ndima 8 yeAnti-Mafia Code, makambani akatorwa zvachose kubva kumasangano ematsotsi asvika zviuru zvitatu zvezvikamu. Vanopfuura vaviri muvatatu vaiva nehofisi yavo yakanyoreswa kuMaodzanyemba. Matunhu akabatwa zvakanyanya nechiyero ichi aive Sicily (3 kesi), Campania (888), Lazio (521), Calabria (439) uye Lombardy (359) (ona Chati 248).
Chikamu che40,4 percent chemakambani akatorwa akanga achishanda, 26,3 percent akavharwa, 23,2 percent ane hurongwa hwekusabhadhara mari uye 9,9 percent yanga isingaite. Zvikamu zvakakanganisika zvakanyanya zvine chekuita nekuvaka (22,6 muzana yehuwandu), kutengeserana (20,7 muzana), pekugara nekudyara (9,7 muzana) uye zviitiko zvezvivakwa (7,9 muzana).