Kune mamiriyoni e2,2 emhuri dzeItaly muhurombo hwesimba (PE). Tiri kutaura nezve 5 miriyoni vanhu vaigara mudzimba dzisina hutano muna 2021, vachidziyirwa zvisina kunaka munguva yechando, kutonhora zvisina kunaka muzhizha, nemwenje wakashata uye nekushandisa kushoma kwemidziyo michena mikuru [firiji, firiji, muchina wokuwachisa, dishwasher, dryer. , nezvimwewo]. Mhuri dziri panjodzi huru dzinoumbwa nevanhu vakawanda, vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma munyaya dzeupfumi uye dzimba dzavanogara hadzina kugadzirisika zvakanaka. Padanho renzvimbo, mamiriro akanyanya kuoma anoitika muCalabria, uko 16,7 muzana yemhuri, inoumbwa nevanhu mazana matatu nemazana matanhatu nemazana matanhatu neshanu, vanozviwana vari mumamiriro ePE. Izvi zvinoteverwa naPuglia (304.675 muzana), Molise (16,4 muzana), Basilicata (16 muzana) uye Sicily (15 muzana). Matunhu, zvisinei, akanyanya kukanganiswa nechiitiko ichi iLombardy (14,6 muzana yemhuri dzese), Liguria (5,3 muzana) uye, kunyanya, Marche (4,8 muzana). Huwandu hweavhareji yenyika i4,6 muzana uye hwakakwira ne8,5 muzana zvichienzaniswa ne0,5.
Izvi zvakataurwa neCGIA Research Office iyo yakagadzirisa data rakatorwa kubva ku2023 OIPE Report[2]. Izvi zvinoguma, zvinosuruvarisa, ndezvekunetseka kukuru, uyewo nokuti ivo zvechokwadi vakaderedzwa, sezvavanotaura kusati kwaitika simba rinotyisa rakaputika munyika yedu pakutanga kwe 2022. Mamiriro makuru ehutano hwemusoro wemhuri inowanikwa muPE , kazhinji, zvitatu: kusashanda, kuroora mudyandigere uye kazhinji, inotsikirira CGIA, paanoshanda inozvishandira. Chekupedzisira, zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti mhuri dziri panjodzi yePE, kunyanya kuMaodzanyemba, ndeavo vanoshandisa gasi senzvimbo yavo huru yekudziya. Avo vanoshandisa mamwe mafuta (masilinda egasi, pellets, dhiziri, huni, parafini, nezvimwewo) vane yakaderera muzana yengozi tsika.
Kuenzaniswa nepre-Covid, nhasi mutengo wegesi nemagetsi wawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri
Kunyangwe mari yekushandisa mudzimba neyebhizinesi pamagetsi negasi mabhiri anga achidzikira kwemwedzi yakati wandei, kuwedzera kwemitengo yemagetsi zvichienzaniswa nenguva yepre-Covid kuchiri kukwira zvakanyanya. Kana mutengo wepakati wegasi rechisikigo muna 2019 waiva 16 euros/MWh, muna Nyamavhuvhu gore rino yakasvika makumi matatu nemana euros/MWh (+34 muzana). Magetsi, zvisinei, muna 112 anodhura paavhareji inopfuura 2019 euros/MWh, mwedzi wapfuura yakasvika 52 euros/MWh (+112 muzana). Mushure mekukwirira kwasvika muna Nyamavhuvhu 115, gasi nemagetsi mitengo yatanga kudzika zvakare. Nhasi vari kuenderana neavo vataive navo pakati paChikunguru naNyamavhuvhu 2022.
Iyo yekuzvishandira inobhadhara kaviri bhiri inowedzera
Mari yemagetsi iri kuramba ichinetsa mhuri dzakawanda, zvakare tichifunga nezvemazuva ekupedzisira ari kutarisirwa kupera kwemwedzi uno. Muchokwadi, kana rubatsiro rwakaiswa nehurumende yeMeloni nemutemo webhajeti ra2023 hauna kuwedzerwa, kubva muna Gumiguru unotevera tichava nekuwedzera kwakanyanya kwemabhiri uye avo vanozobhadhara bhiri iri pamusoro pese mhuri dzekuzvimiririra. vashandi vakashanda. Kuyeuka kuti inenge 70 muzana yevashandi nevatengesi vanoshanda vari voga, kureva kuti, havana vashandi kana vashandi vemhuri, vashandi vakawanda, vatengesi vaduku vakawanda uye nhamba dzakawanda dzeVAT dzakabhadhara kaviri kuwedzera kwemagetsi uye gasi mabhiri akaitika munguva yekupedzisira. makore maviri. Yekutanga sevashandisi vemumba uye yechipiri sevadiki mabhizinesi kupisa / kutonhorera uye kuvhenekera mashopu avo uye zvitoro. Chekupedzisira, tinoda kutaura kuti kunyangwe njodzi yehurombo kana kusagariswa kwemhuri dziripo muItari yadzikira mumakore achangopfuura, kunyangwe muna 2022 avo vane mari huru kubva mukuzvishandira vaive nehurombo hwakaenzana ne19,9 muzana ye zvakazara, zvichipesana nechikamu che17,2 muzana chemhuri dzine sosi yavo huru yekuwana mari kubva kubasa. Nehurombo, kunyangwe mushure meCovid, dambudziko resimba uye inflation boom, dzimba umo mukuru wemhuri ari mushandi anozvishandira anoramba aine hutete hwehupfumi uye hwemagariro kupfuura evashandi vakashanda [Mhuri dzinogona kunyanya kuvimba nemari yepenjeni. uye/kana kutamiswa kwevanhu, zvisinei, kunopa ngozi huru zvikuru yourombo kana kusabatanidzwa munzanga, yakaenzana ne34,2 muzana. Iyo yekupedzisira data yakaramba isina kuchinjwa mune zvese 2021 uye 2022]. Aya mabhonasi, naizvozvo, anofanirwa kuwedzerwa, kusvika pakupera kwechando chinotevera, kupa rubatsiro kune avo vachiri mumatambudziko emari. Sezvineiwo, kufanotaura hakusi kunyaradza zvachose; maererano neNomisma Energia, kutanga kubva muna Gumiguru anotevera mabhiri anogona kuwedzera pakati pe7 ne10 muzana.
Mabhonasi emagetsi anopera pakupera kwaGunyana
Munguva yemakore maviri 2022-2023, hurumende yeDraghi neMeloni yakaunza mamwe matanho ekushandisa mari yemagetsi negesi mabhiri emhuri nemabhizinesi anopfuura bhiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe emadhora. Mukuru aripo akazivisa kuti nhanho dzichiri kushanda uye dzinofanirwa kupera munaGunyana 91 dzichawedzerwa neMuvhuro unotevera weCouncil of Ministers. Vari:
- VAT yakaderedzwa kusvika pa5 muzana pakupihwa kwemethane gasi yekushandiswa kwevagari vemo uye mumaindasitiri (yakajairika mwero i10 muzana). Kuderedzwa kweVAT kunoshandawo kune kudziyisa kwedunhu uye simba rinogadzirwa nemethane gasi;
- kubviswa kwemachaji ehurongwa pamabhiri egasi (system charges pamabhiri emagetsi panzvimbo pacho akaunzwazve kubva 1 Kubvumbi 2023);
- kusimbiswa kwemagetsi uye gasi mabhonasi emhuri mumamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi uye kuoma kwemuviri: cheki yakajairwa icharamba ichitsigirwa nebhonasi inoshamisa iyo inowedzera huwandu hwekuderedzwa.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kuti, zvisinei, chiyero chakapa kiredhiti yemitero ye40 uye 45 muzana yemakambani aive akarekodha mitengo yakawedzera mumabhiri avo anopfuura makumi matatu muzana kana ichienzaniswa ne30 yakapera munaJune.